Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• artificial leaves were used to investigate the influence of wax chemistry and surface wettability on the development of Blumeria graminis, the pathogenic wheat powdery mildew. In “Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis”, Saccardi et al. [12] report on the honeybee propolis, a substance used by

Gap-directed chemical lift-off lithographic nanoarchitectonics for arbitrary sub-micrometer patterning

• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hong-Sheng Chan,
• Chia-Li Liao,
• Che-Wei Chang and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 34–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.4

• process provides a unique artificial defect-rich surface, which supports the creation of homogeneously distributed molecular environments for functional substrates, e.g., surface wettability control [23] and enhanced biorecognition phenomenon [24][25][26]. The versatility of CLL can also be expanded by

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• -linker either with acetic acid or lactic acid. The physicochemical characterisation of the composites was evaluated to prove that the composites were suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. The mechanical strength of the composites was proven through increased Young’s modulus. The surface

• wettability of the chitosan/reduced graphene oxide composites with specific acetic acid and lactic acid shows water contact angles of (75.40° ± 4.32°) and (36.71° ± 4.53°) [60]. The anticancer agent cisplatin was loaded into graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite/chitosan composites to enable proliferation of

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• and lower Tafel slope (giving rise to better electrokinetics) are the main reasons for the superior ORR performance of the ACC-2 sample. In addition to the catalyst size, morphology, conductivity, and the exposure of active sites, the surface wettability of the electrocatalyst significantly governs

A review on slip boundary conditions at the nanoscale: recent development and applications

• Ruifei Wang,
• Jin Chai,
• Bobo Luo,
• Xiong Liu,
• Jianting Zhang,
• Min Wu,
• Mingdan Wei and
• Zhuanyue Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1237–1251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.91

• rate as that of the complex system under the same ambient conditions and external perturbations [56]. 2 Effects of interfacial properties on slip length 2.1 Surface wettability effects 2.1.1 Variation of positive slip length. It is intuitive that the wettability of a liquid on solid surfaces could

• can be achieved by the modification of solid–liquid interfacial properties including surface wettability, surface roughness, and surface chemical composition. Therefore, the flow drag resistance can be reduced if the surfaces are appropriately engineered, or if the liquid properties are directly

• the slip boundary conditions for a nanoconfined liquid flow. Depending on the surface wettability, the slip length can be positive or negative. A negative slip length could exist when a liquid flows on a strong hydrophilic surface, and its magnitude can vary with the external driving force

An investigation on the drag reduction performance of bioinspired pipeline surfaces with transverse microgrooves

• Weili Liu,
• Hongjian Ni,
• Peng Wang and
• Yi Zhou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 24–40, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.3

• viscous drag was mainly caused by the above effects. (2) Wettability: Jung and co-workers [41] found through experiments that microstructures with a higher contact angle provided a higher reduction of pressure drop in both laminar and turbulent water flows. Since surface wettability had a significant

Nanoscale optical and structural characterisation of silk

• Meguya Ryu,
• Reo Honda,
• Adrian Cernescu,
• Arturas Vailionis,
• Armandas Balčytis,
• Jitraporn Vongsvivut,
• Jing-Liang Li,
• Denver P. Linklater,
• Elena P. Ivanova,
• Vygantas Mizeikis,
• Mark J. Tobin,
• Junko Morikawa and
• Saulius Juodkazis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 922–929, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.93

• controllable surface wettability, anti-biofouling, anti-reflection, and biocidal/bactericidal properties [4][5]. For example, the motheye plastic films produced by roll-to-roll technology already replicate nanopillars with 100 nm separation (MOSMITE from Mitsubishi Chemicals Ltd.). The structural and optical

Novel reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic–superhydrophilic surfaces induced by charge injection and heating

• Xiangdong Ye,
• Junwen Hou and
• Dongbao Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 840–847, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.84

• , the effects of external stimuli on surface wettability have been explored extensively. For instance, chemical valves and sensors may exhibit an excellent wettability responsiveness to external physical and chemical stimuli [1][2][3]. Stimuli can be divided into: light [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11

• by ultraviolet irradiation for 40 min and darkroom storage for 24 h. Su et al. [10] described the superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic conversion of a bismuth coating. Superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surface wettability can be achieved by modification of the bismuth coating by ultraviolet

• different sizes using a voltage of 3 V and a 25 V electrical wetting. The maximum contact angle decreased from 150 ± 0.1° to 20° and the contact-angle saturation conditions changed with droplet size. Zahiri et al. [27] reported the reversible active control of surface wettability of copper electrodeposition

Controlling surface morphology and sensitivity of granular and porous silver films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS

• Sherif Okeil and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2813–2831, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.263

• contact angle measurements of the plasma treated silver films (Figure 10). A change in surface wettability was obtained after the different plasma treatments. Obviously all rf plasma treatments lead to better wettabilities (water contact angles between 44.7° ± 0.11° and 106.6° ± 0.53°) when compared to

Biomimetic surface structures in steel fabricated with femtosecond laser pulses: influence of laser rescanning on morphology and wettability

• Camilo Florian Baron,
• Alexandros Mimidis,
• Daniel Puerto,
• Evangelos Skoulas,
• Emmanuel Stratakis,
• Javier Solis and
• Jan Siegel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2802–2812, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.262

• rescanned with the laser. The latter parameter is identified to be crucial for controlling the morphology and size of specific structures. As an example for the functionality of the structures, we have chosen the surface wettability and studied its dependence on the laser processing parameters. Contact

A visible-light-controlled platform for prolonged drug release based on Ag-doped TiO₂ nanotubes with a hydrophobic layer

• Caihong Liang,
• Jiang Wen and
• Xiaoming Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1793–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.170

• to modify the surface of nanotubes. In the present work, NDM was chosen to alter the hydrophilic layer to hydrophobic by attaching it to the Zn-Ag-TNTs material. The contact angle of NDM-Zn-Ag-TNTs (118°) in Figure 5d demonstrates that the surface wettability of nanotubes does transform from

Preparation and morphology-dependent wettability of porous alumina membranes

• Dmitry L. Shimanovich,
• Alla I. Vorobjova,
• Daria I. Tishkevich,
• Alex V. Trukhanov,
• Maxim V. Zdorovets and
• Artem L. Kozlovskiy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1423–1436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.135

• ]. Recently membranes with special surface wettability have been investigated because of their potential application in microfluidics, self-cleaning and droplet-based technologies [19][29]. As shown in [30], by changing only the surface morphology of unmodified, bare PAMs, the wetting behavior could be

Interface conditions of roughness-induced superoleophilic and superoleophobic surfaces immersed in hexadecane and ethylene glycol

• Yifan Li,
• Yunlu Pan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2504–2514, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.250

• selected. Contact angle and contact angle hysteresis measurements Surface wettability can affect boundary slip. In order to decouple the individual effects of roughness and wettability on slip, the contact angle (CA) and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) have to be constant. CA and CAH were measured by using

Surfactant-induced enhancement of droplet adhesion in superhydrophobic soybean (Glycine max L.) leaves

• Oliver Hagedorn,
• Ingo Fleute-Schlachter,
• Hans Georg Mainx,
• Viktoria Zeisler-Diehl and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2345–2356, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.234

• a plant [14]. Variations were also found between intra- and epicuticular waxes [21][22]. However the hydrophobic characteristic of epicuticular waxes and their three-dimensional micro- to nanometer-scaled structures play a crucial role in surface wettability. The liquid interaction at solid–gaseous

• roll off. Droplet adhesion can be improved by adding adjuvants, such as surfactants. Surfactants enhance the leaf surface wettability by reduction of the surface tension of applied liquids. Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules with a nonpolar, hydrophobic structural group together with a hydrophilic

Advances and challenges in the field of plasma polymer nanoparticles

• Andrei Choukourov,
• Pavel Pleskunov,
• Daniil Nikitin,
• Valerii Titov,
• Artem Shelemin,
• Mykhailo Vaidulych,
• Anna Kuzminova,
• Pavel Solař,
• Jan Hanuš,
• Jaroslav Kousal,
• Ondřej Kylián,
• Danka Slavínská and
• Hynek Biederman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2002–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.200

• deposition method and the histogram in Figure 11e confirms the formation of the triple-scale surface. Thus, plasma polymer NPs produced by GAS prove to be very versatile for the design of hierarchical structures, which can be very efficient for fine tuning of optical properties, surface wettability

Preparation of thick silica coatings on carbon fibers with fine-structured silica nanotubes induced by a self-assembly process

• Benjamin Baumgärtner,
• Hendrik Möller,
• Thomas Neumann and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1145–1155, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.116

• interactions between substrate and polyamine [28]. The nanograss films on glass were shown to have a potential application for surface wettability design [29][30][31]. In our study we focused on the coating of chopped carbon fibers and carbon fiber felts with silica by polyamine mediation. The polyamine is

Impact of surface wettability on S-layer recrystallization: a real-time characterization by QCM-D

• Jagoba Iturri,
• Ana C. Vianna,
• Alberto Moreno-Cencerrado,
• Dietmar Pum,
• Uwe B. Sleytr and
• José Luis Toca-Herrera

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 91–98, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.10

• isolated SbpA bacterial surface proteins onto silicon dioxide substrates of different surface wettability. Surface modification by UV/ozone oxidation or by vapor deposition of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorododecyltrichlorosilane yielded hydrophilic or hydrophobic samples, respectively. Time evolution of frequency

• : bacterial S-layers; Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D); recrystallization kinetics; surface wettability; Introduction Crystalline bacterial protein layers (S-layers) are arrays of (glyco)proteins (Mw of 40 to 200 kDa) forming the outermost envelope of prokaryotes, and represent

• -mimicking SCWP film will be considered for comparative and descriptive purposes in the following section. S-layer formation on hydrophobic and hydrophilic SiO2 In order to investigate the impact that surface wettability has on the binding and recrystallization of SbpA in the absence of specific protein

Surface roughness rather than surface chemistry essentially affects insect adhesion

• Matt W. England,
• Tomoya Sato,
• Makoto Yagihashi,
• Atsushi Hozumi,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Elena V. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1471–1479, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.139

• surface could move, without pinning, more smoothly than they could on a smooth FAS17 surface (Δθ = 13°). The relationships between surface wettability and chemical composition of our sample surfaces were established using XPS. The surface chemical compositions of each sample are summarized in Table 2. All

• , rather than C and F concentrations, had the strongest influence upon surface wettability. Based on the surface chemical and physical properties of our samples shown above, we next examined the attachment ability of Coccinella septempunctata beetles by measuring their traction forces on these surfaces

Rigid multipodal platforms for metal surfaces

• Michal Valášek,
• Marcin Lindner and
• Marcel Mayor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 374–405, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.34

Nanostructured surfaces by supramolecular self-assembly of linear oligosilsesquioxanes with biocompatible side groups

• Maria Nowacka,
• Anna Kowalewska and
• Tomasz Makowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2377–2387, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.244

• underlying matrix. For example, surfaces carrying COOH groups were applied for studies on the effect of surface wettability on protein adsorption and adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and HeLa cells [3], human fibroblasts [14], human mesenchymal stem cells [15][22], corneal

• structures by COOH groups, which was recently reported as the cause for the decrease of surface wettability [38]. The extent of the surface-guided organization of P1 directs its arrangement on the support and changes of the surface energy (Figure 10b,c). P2, in spite of the apparent lack of lamellar

Formation of stable Si–O–C submonolayers on hydrogen-terminated silicon(111) under low-temperature conditions

• Yit Lung Khung,
• Siti Hawa Ngalim,
• Andrea Scaccabarozzi and
• Dario Narducci

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 19–26, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.3

• sensible explanation for this was that both Si–O–C and Si–C linkages were formed on the surface, thus creating a patchy surface with an intimate mixture of moieties exposing hydroxy or alkyne groups. This would certainly reduce the surface wettability as reported in previous reports on heterogeneous

The study of surface wetting, nanobubbles and boundary slip with an applied voltage: A review

• Yunlu Pan,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1042–1065, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.117

• this review, the influence of an applied voltage on the surface wettability, nanobubbles, surface charge density and slip length are discussed. The contact angle (CA) and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) of a droplet of deionized (DI) water on a hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) surface were measured with

• liquid, surface wetting, surface charge, nanobubbles and boundary slip are believed to affect the drag of liquid flow [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. By applying a voltage to the system, the surface wettability can be changed, known as electrowetting, and the surface charge density can be changed as well [11

• ]. Nanobubbles and boundary slip are believed to have a strong influence on surface wettability and surface charge [12][13][14][15][16][17]. It can be inferred that when a voltage is applied, the surface wettability, surface charge, nanobubbles and boundary slip will be changed, which causes the change in the

Approaches to nanostructure control and functionalizations of polymer@silica hybrid nanograss generated by biomimetic silica mineralization on a self-assembled polyamine layer

• Jian-Jun Yuan and
• Ren-Hua Jin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 760–773, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.84

• , nanostructured thin films on substrates with tunable nanostructure and surface morphology are of great importance for various applications, such as photoelectronics [1], high-efficiency sensing and bioanalysis [2][3], protein adsorption [4], cell growth [5], surface wettability control [6] and liquid

• synthesis of functional silica-based nanosurfaces. Silica@titania composite nanograss and photoresponsive surface wettability Finally, we attempted using LPEI in hybrid nanograss as a catalyst for titania deposition, with the aim to synthesize a silica@titania composite nanosurface after high-temperature

• ambient conditions, exhibits photoresponsive surface wettability through hydrophobic modification and light irradiation [44]. However, this surface failed to be superhydrophobic (i.e., water contact angle >150°) probably due to the relatively low surface roughness. In this work, by depositing the titania